Varietal Characteristics-83
 

 

 

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Short Grain

S-201 is a high yielding short grain variety that is similar to M9 in blanking resistance and maturity. Grains are typical short grain shape. It is adapted to all rice growing areas and has good seedling vigor. Seed has been widely available since 1981.

Medium Grain

Calpearl was developed by Narval F. Davis, Drier and Elevator, Inc.of Firebaugh, California. It produces very high yields, is resistant to lodging, and has transluscent grains. Kernels are shorter than typical medium grain varieties. Leaves and hulls are pubescent. Seed is widely available, and the variety is adapted to all rice growing areas of California.

M-101, the earliest variety grown, has excellent seedling vigor and resistance to blanking. It is suggested for use for special conditions such as cold areas and late sowing. Head rice yield is low and therefore harvesting at moisture contents of 25-26% is advised. Yield may be less than other varieties at normal sowing dates.

M9 is an early maturing variety that produces high yields in warmer areas but is not well adapted to colder areas or to very early sowing because of poor seedling vigor. It shows mixed maturity of grains on panicles and is somewhat difficult to thresh cleanly. Special harvesting adjustment may be required.

M-201 has the same maturity as M9 but with a higher yield potential and appears to be more responsive to higher rates of nitrogen fertilization. It has greater resistance to lodging than M9 and threshes more easily. M-201 is more resistant to stem rot than M9 but more susceptible to sheath blight. It is a replacement for M9 in all but the coolest areas. Since M201 thrashes easily, the reel and cylinder speeds should be reduced to minimize shattering and enhance head rice.

M-302 replaced M-301. It has good lodging resistance and translucent grains and is 5 to 8 days earlier than M7. M-302 has good seedling vigor and resistance to blanking. It can be used to spread the harvest season.

M-401 is a premium quality rice and not a replacement for M7. It is about 3 days earlier than M7 but lodges more and is more sensitive to blanking and injury from early draining than M7. It is sensitive to over-fertilization and requires somewhat less nitrogen than the other short stature varieties. M401 has large bold kernels.

M7 has been grown since 1979. It is a high yielding variety that is the latest maturing. It has good seedling vigor, very good lodging and blanking resistance. Days from sowing to heading are influenced both by photoperiod and heat units. It is adapted to all growing areas except for unusually cool areas which may delay maturity.

Calrose 76 is similar to M7 except it has pubescent hulls and leaves and long awns in the warmer areas. It is being discontinued, so Foundation seed will not be available after 1984.

Long Grain

California Belle was developed by Narval F. Davis, Drier and Elevator, Inc. of Firebaugh, California. It is an early maturing, long grain variety with intermediate height and smooth leaves and stems. Grain quality is very good. It has transluscent kernels without white belly or chalkiness. It has good cooking quality. Seedling vigor is poor. The variety is somewhat susceptible to lodging. Yields may be depressed in cool areas because of blanking.

L-202 is a new long grain with very high yield potential in warmer areas. It is not adapted to the colder rice growing areas. Its tolerance to Ordram0 and Bolero0 is similar to other varieties. It is short statured, has smooth leaves and hulls and excellent resistance to lodging. It requires careful water management through the tillering stage, appears to be highly responsive to nitrogen fertilization and threshes easily. Cylinder speed should be reduced to improve head yield. It has good cooking qualities.

Sweet

Calmochi-202 is an early sweet rice similar to S-201 in growth characteristics but about 2 days later in maturity. It has small grains but yields about 8 percent less than S-201 and has smooth leaves and hulls except for some hairs on leaf blade margins. Cooking quality is considered comparable to other California waxy rices.

Yield and agronomic characteristics of California Rice Varieties as averaged over various county trials and years
Variety # of tests Years Yield Moisture at harvest Days to 50% head Plant Height(cm) % Lodging Seedling vigor Hull type
Short Grain
S-201 16 1980-83 9050 20.6 95 88 27 4.2 S
Medium Grain
Calpearl 7 1982-83 9980 16.8 91 85 26 4.6 P
M-101 7 1982-83 8960 19.3 89 88 48 4.6 S
M9 16 1980-83 8570 21.9 92 93 51 4.2 S
M-201 16 1980-83 9310 22.2 94 87 5 4.2 S
M-302 14 1980-83 9090 20.6 103 94 22 4.2 S
M-401 14 1980-83 9340 20.8 106 93 52 4.3 S
M7 14 1980-83 9080 21.0 110 96 11 4.4 S
Calrose 76 10 1980-83 9070 18.7 110 95 17 4.2 P
Long Grain
CA Belle 5 1982-83 7540 17.7 88 101 27 3.4 S
L-202 5 1982-83 8980 19.6 94 80 1 3.8 S
Sweet
Calmochi-202 16 1980-83 8310 23.1 98 94 28 4.1  
Numbers given in this table do not necessarily compare results over the same location-years for all varieties. However, the large number of tests for most established varieties give reasonable indications of relative performance.
Seedling Vigor: subjective rating 1-5 where 1 - poor and 5 = excellent seedling emergence at 28 days after sowing
Hull type: S = smooth;  P = pubescent

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